Report description

The integration of photonics with electronics revolutionized the microelectronics industry. However, the use of this combination remained limited to high-end devices and applications due to the high cost of optical fibers and other optoelectronic components. This led to the introduction of silicon in photonic applications, giving rise to the new field of silicon-photonics. Silicon is a low-cost and readily-available substance that presents tremendous potential for use in optoelectronics.

Silicon has since then become a crucial ingredient in microelectronics through its potential to address limitations of speed and bulk data transfer. Products such as silicon photonic waveguides, silicon optical modulators, silicon optical interconnects, silicon LED and silicon photo detectors have crossed the stages of initial research and have already entered the market. The silicon-photonics market is still in the nascent stage, and presents huge opportunities for the early movers. However, companies would require to make huge R&D investments for long-term growth.

Scope of the report

The silicon-photonics market can be divided into major products like silicon photonic waveguides, silicon optical modulators, silicon optical interconnects silicon LED and silicon photo detectors. All these important products along with their sub-segments have been covered in detail in our report. We have also analyzed in-depth major application areas for silicon photonics that include telecommunications, defense, consumer electronics, medicine, metrology, robotics, and information processing. In addition, major types of silicon and their growth techniques have been analyzed and explained in our report. We have also done a geographic analysis for each of the markets and their sub-segments, covering the major regional markets, viz. the U.S., Europe, Asia, and Rest of the World.

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5. 15 pages of high level analysis identifying opportunities, best practices, entry strategies, benchmarking strategies, market positioning, product positioning, and competitive positioning.

Key questions answered

1. Which are the high-growth segments and how is the market segmented in terms of applications, products, services, ingredients, technologies, stakeholders?
2. What are market estimates and forecasts; which markets are doing well and which are not?
3. Where are the gaps and opportunities; what factors are driving market growth?
4. Which are the key playing fields and winning-edge imperatives?
5. What is the competitive landscape; who are the main players in each segment; what are their strategic directives, operational strengths, key selling products, and product pipelines? Who is doing what?

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Table of Content

1. Introduction
   1.1. KEY TAKE AWAYS
   1.2. REPORT DESCRIPTION
   1.3. MARKETS COVERED
   1.4. STAKEHOLDERS
2. Summary
3. Market overview
   3.1. Defining the Silicon photonics market
   3.2. Market Drivers
        3.2.1. Products are cheaper than conventional ones
        3.2.2. Low power consumption advantage
        3.2.3. Products are compact in size
        3.2.4. Need for high speed electronics
        3.2.5. The materials used are well understood
        3.2.6. Increase data transfer volume
   3.3. Inhibitors
        3.3.1. Indirect band gap in silicon
        3.3.2. Slow modulation mechanism
        3.3.3. posibility of Thermal effect
        3.3.4. Pockel’s effect
        3.3.5. Silicon is still regarded as new optical material
   3.4. Opportunities
        3.4.1. Optical modulation is possible
        3.4.2. It is possible to achieve V-grooves and hybrid technology
        3.4.3. High power devices
   3.5. Top player analysis
4. Types of silicon photonic products
   4.1. Silicon photonic waveguides
        4.1.1. Drivers
               4.1.1.1. Wide range of wavelengths
               4.1.1.2. Low bending loss of waves
               4.1.1.3. Better line-to-line resolution
               4.1.1.4. Other drivers of silicon photonic waveguides market
        4.1.2. Inhibitors
               4.1.2.1. Waveguides become bulky
               4.1.2.2. Fabrication difficulties
        4.1.3. Opportunities
               4.1.3.1. Monolithic waveguides
        4.1.4. Planar waveguides
        4.1.5. Strip waveguides
        4.1.6. Rib Waveguides
        4.1.7. Fiber waveguide
   4.2. Silicon Optical Modulators
        4.2.1. Drivers
               4.2.1.1. Data transmission is faster than other modulators
               4.2.1.2. Better device packaging
               4.2.1.3. Low response time
               4.2.1.4. High resistivity to temperature change
        4.2.2. Inhibitors
               4.2.2.1. Performance depends on doping
               4.2.2.2. Critical dimensions are not tolerant
        4.2.3. Opportunities
               4.2.3.1. New device design approaches
               4.2.3.2. Key developments
        4.2.4. Absorptive modulators
               4.2.4.1. Technologies for Absorptive Modulators
               4.2.4.2. Franz-Keldysh Effect
               4.2.4.3. Quantum-Confined Stark Effect (QCSE)
               4.2.4.4. Plasma Dispersion Effect
        4.2.5. Refractive modulators
               4.2.5.1. Technologies for refractive silicon photonic modulators
               4.2.5.2. Electro-optic effect
               4.2.5.3. Magneto-optic effect
               4.2.5.4. Thermo-optic effect
               4.2.5.5. Polarization changes in liquid crystals
   4.3. Silicon Optical Interconnects
        4.3.1. Drivers
               4.3.1.1. High interconnects capacity
               4.3.1.2. High interconnect density
               4.3.1.3. Overcome design issues
               4.3.1.4. Overcome timing issues
        4.3.2. Inhibitors
               4.3.2.1. Large diameters of optical fibers
               4.3.2.2. Opportunities
        4.3.3. Intra-chip Interconnects
        4.3.4. Inter-Chip interconnects
               4.3.4.1. Drivers
               4.3.4.2. Low connection losses
               4.3.4.3. No interference
               4.3.4.4. Inhibitors and opportunities
        4.3.5. Backplane interconnects
   4.4. Wavelength Division Multiplexer Filters
        4.4.1. Drivers
               4.4.1.1. Straightforward fabrication
               4.4.1.2. High neighboring signal isolation
               4.4.1.3. Low polarization dependence
               4.4.1.4. High thermal stability
        4.4.2. Inhibitors
               4.4.2.1. Complex thin film growth
               4.4.2.2. Filter dependency on wavelengths
               4.4.2.3. Opportunity
   4.5. Silicon LED
   4.6. Silicon Photo detector
        4.6.1. Drivers
               4.6.1.1. Quick rise and fall times
               4.6.1.2. Wide spectral response
               4.6.1.3. Wide applications
               4.6.1.4. Large acceptance angle
        4.6.2. Inhibitors and opportunities
               4.6.2.1. Long absorption length
               4.6.2.2. Indiscriminate sensitivity to visible radiations
5. Product device
   5.1. Silicon Optical Transceivers
        5.1.1. Drivers
               5.1.1.1. Low electrical power dissipation
               5.1.1.2. Increased transmission length
        5.1.2. Inhibitors
               5.1.2.1. Silicon Lasers cannot be implemented
        5.1.3. Opportunities
               5.1.3.1. On-chip photo detectors can bring down manufacturing costs
               5.1.3.2. Channel characteristics adaptable transceivers
   5.2. Silicon Optical Switches
        5.2.1. Drivers
               5.2.1.1. Carrier injection not needed
               5.2.1.2. Low Switching Power
5.2.2. Inhibitors and opportunities
   5.3. Silicon photonic IC
        5.3.1. Drivers
               5.3.1.1. Higher functionality
               5.3.1.2. Low Weight
        5.3.2. Inhibitors
        5.3.3. Opportunities
   5.4. Silicon photonic sensors
   5.5. Silicon photonic photovoltaic cells/solar cells
        5.5.1. Drivers
               5.5.1.1. High energy conversion efficiency
               5.5.1.2. Easy device fabrication
               5.5.1.3. Less silicon needed
               5.5.1.4. Challenges and opportunities
   5.6. Emerging silicon photonics product devices
        5.6.1. Silicon photonic lasers
        5.6.2. Silicon photonic amplifiers
6. Silicon photonics Applications
   6.1. Telecommunications and Data Transfer
        6.1.1. Drivers
               6.1.1.1. Quick data transmission
               6.1.1.2. Reliable communication
               6.1.1.3. Increase in bandwidth
               6.1.1.4. Low power requirement
               6.1.1.5. Computing and telecommunication convergence
               6.1.1.6. No electromagnetic interference
               6.1.1.7. Cost reduction
               6.1.1.8. Increased integration level of devices
        6.1.2. Inhibitors
               6.1.2.1. Long-haul communication
        6.1.3. Opportunities
               6.1.3.1. Short-reach communications
               6.1.3.2. Fiber to the Home (FTTH) technology
        6.1.4. Optical fiber communications
               6.1.4.1. Drivers
               6.1.4.2. Inhibitors
               6.1.4.3. Opportunities
   6.2. Information Processing
   6.3. Sensors
   6.4. Metrology
        6.4.1. Drivers
               6.4.1.1. On-chip entanglement
               6.4.1.2. Precise real time measurement
        6.4.2. Inhibitors and opportunities
        6.4.3. Time and frequency measurements
        6.4.4. Range finding
   6.5. Displays and consumer electronics
   6.6. Spectroscopy
   6.7. Holography
   6.8. Medicine
   6.9. Military
   6.10. Others
   6.11. Emerging silicon photonics Applications
        6.11.1. Laser material processing
        6.11.2. Visual Art
        6.11.3. Robotics
7. Types of silicon structure
   7.1. Introduction
   7.2. Silicon wafering process
   7.3. Single Crystal Silicon (Sc-Si)
        7.3.1. The Ribbon Silicon Process
               7.3.1.1. Applications
   7.4. Multicrystalline Silicon (mc-Si)
   7.5. Application and developments of multicrystalline silicon
   7.6. Polycrystalline Silicon (pc-Si)
        7.6.1. Staebler-Wronski effect
        7.6.2. Applications of polycrystalline silicon
   7.7. Microcrystalline Silicon (΅c-Si)
   7.8. Silicon based photonic crystal structures
        7.8.1. Market drivers
               7.8.1.1. Optically tunable structures
               7.8.1.2. Low pump power required
               7.8.1.3. Strong angular dispersion
        7.8.2. Inhibitors
               7.8.2.1. Discrepancy between experimental and theoretical results
        7.8.3. Opportunities
               7.8.3.1. New modulations devices and multiplexers
               7.8.3.2. Crystals are small and compact
        7.8.4. One-dimensional structures
        7.8.5. Two-dimensional structures
        7.8.6. Three-dimensional structures
8. Silicon Light Emissive Structures
   8.1. Silicon nanocrystals
   8.2. Epitaxial Growth
   8.3. Wafer Bonding
9. Silicon growth techniques
   9.1. Float Zone (FZ)
   9.2. Czochralski’s Crystal growth
   9.3. Directional solidification
   9.4. Electromagnetic casting
   9.5. Dendritic Web Method
   9.6. Capillary Die Growth
   9.7. Edge-Supported Pulling
   9.8. Substrate Melt Shaping
   9.9. Thin-Layer Silicon
10. Silicon-Photonics Integration Techniques
   10.1. Silicon sub-mount technology
   10.2. Silica/Silicon passive waveguide technology
   10.3. Passive optical alignment
11. Geographical analysis
   11.1. U.S. Silicon Photonics market
   11.2. Europe Silicon Photonics market
   11.3. asia Silicon Photonics market
12. Challenges in silicon-photonics
   12.1. Intervalence band absorption
   12.2. Auger Recombination
   12.3. Hetero-barrier leakage
13. Company profiles
   13.1. Bell Labs
   13.2. Chiral Photonics Inc.
   13.3. CyOptics
   13.4. Enablence Technologies Inc.
   13.5. Finisar Corporation
   13.6. Hamamatsu Photonics, K.K.
   13.7. Hewlett-Packard Co.
   13.8. IBM Corp.
   13.9. Infinera Inc.
   13.10. Innolume
   13.11. Intel
   13.12. JDS Uniphase Corporation (JDSU)
   13.13. Lightwire Inc
   13.14. Luxtera, Inc
   13.15. Oki Optical Components
   13.16. STMicroelectronics
   13.17. Sumitomo Mitsubishi Silicon Group (SUMCO) CORPORATION
   13.18. Sun Microsystems
   13.19. Translucent Inc
14. Patent Analysis
   14.1. Appendix
         14.1.1. U.S. patent
         14.1.2. Europe patent
         14.1.3. Asia Patent

LIST OF TABLES

1. Table 1 Silicon photonics industry developments
2. TABLE 2 GLOBAL Silicon photonic waveguides MARKET, BY product 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
3. TABLE 3 GLOBAL Silicon photonic waveguides MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
4. Table 4 Major players and their developments
5. TABLE 5 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Planar waveguides MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
6. TABLE 6 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Strip waveguides MARKET,BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
7. TABLE 7 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Rib Waveguides MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
8. TABLE 8 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Fiber waveguide MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
9. TABLE 9 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Optical Modulators MARKET, BY product, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
10. TABLE 10 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Optical Modulators MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
11. TABLE 11 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Absorptive modulators MARKET, BY product, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
12. TABLE 12 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Absorptive modulators MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
13. TABLE 13 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Franz-Keldysh MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
14. TABLE 14 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Quantum-Confined Stark MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
15. TABLE 15 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Plasma Dispersion MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
16. TABLE 16 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Refractive modulators MARKET, BY product, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
17. TABLE 17 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Refractive modulators MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
18. TABLE 18 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Electro-optic MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
19. TABLE 19 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Magneto-optic MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
20. TABLE 20 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Thermo-optic MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
21. TABLE 21 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Polarization changes in liquid crystals MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
22. TABLE 22 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Optical Interconnects MARKET, BY product, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
23. TABLE 23 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Silicon Optical Interconnects MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
24. Table 24 Major players and their respective development
25. TABLE 25 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Intra-chip Interconnects MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
26. TABLE 26 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Inter-Chip interconnects MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
27. TABLE 27 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Backplane interconnects MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
28. TABLE 28 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Wavelength Division Multiplexer Filters MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
29. TABLE 29 GLOBAL Silicon photonic LED MARKET, BY geography, 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
30. TABLE 30 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Photodetector MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
31. TABLE 31 GLOBAL Silicon photonic product MARKET, BY Devices 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
32. TABLE 32 GLOBAL Silicon photonic product device MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
33. TABLE 33 GLOBAL Silicon photonic optical transceiver MARKET, BY products 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
34. TABLE 34 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Optical Transceivers MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
35. Table 35 Major players and their respective development
36. TABLE 36 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Single channel MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
37. TABLE 37 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Parallel channel MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands) 
38. TABLE 38 GLOBAL Silicon photonic Optical Switches MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
39. TABLE 39 GLOBAL Silicon photonic IC MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
40. TABLE 40 GLOBAL Silicon photonic sensors MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
41. TABLE 41 GLOBAL Silicon photonic photovoltaic cells/solar cells MARKET, BY geography 2009 – 2014 ($ Thousands)
42. Table 42 Major players and their development
43. TABLE 43 GLOBAL silicon photonics MARKET, BY applications 2009 – 2014 ($ THOUSANDs)
44. TABLE 44 GLOBAL silicon photonics telecommunication MARKET, BY applications 2009 – 2014  ($ THOUSANDs)
45. TABLE 45 GLOBAL silicon photonics metrology MARKET, BY  applications 2009 – 2014  ($ THOUSANDs)
46. Table 46 cOMPARISON OF SILICON GROWTH TECHNIQUES
47. Table 47 Applications of passive components
48. Table 48 Global silicon photonics market by geography 2009 – 2014 ($ thousands)
49. Table 49 U.S. silicon photonics market by products 2009 – 2014 ($ thousands)
50. Table 50 Europe silicon photonics market by products 2009 – 2014 ($ thousands)
51. Table 51 Asia silicon photonics market by products 2009 – 2014 ($ thousands)

List of Figure
1. Figure 1 Evolution of silicon photonics
2. Figure 2 Parental structure of silicon photonics
3. Figure 3 Properties of silicon
4. Figure 4 Silicon photonics market definition
5. Figure 5 Transition of Silicon photonics (2009 – 2014)
6. Figure 6 Silicon photnics: revolutioning data transfer speed
7. Figure 7 Global silicon photonics Market dynamics
8. Figure 8 relative potential matrix for Global silicon photonics product market (2014)
9. Figure 9 relative potential matrix for Global silicon photonics product Device market (2014)
10. Figure 10 Road map of silicon photonics
11. Figure 11 Technological Trends
12. Figure 12 Building blocks of silicon photonics devices
13. Figure 13 Driving factor analysis of global silicon photonics market
14. Figure 14 Comparison of integration techniques
15. Figure 15 Geographical trends
16. Figure 16 product devices trends
17. Figure 17 product devices geographical trends
18. Figure 18 Silicon wafering process flow chart
19. Figure 19 Wafer bonding techniques
20. FIGURE 20 schematic representation of float zone silicon crystal growth 
21. FIGURE 21 schematic representation of Czochralski’s Crystal growth 
22. FIGURE 22 schematic representation of DIrectional solidification 
23. FIGURE 23 schematic representation of Electromagnetic casting 
24. FIGURE 24 schematic representation of dendritic web method 
25. FIGURE 25 schematic representation of capillary die growth 
26. FIGURE 26 schematic representation of edge-supported pulling method
27. FIGURE 27 schematic representation of substrate melt shaping
28. Figure 28 Global silicon photonics patents by Geography 
29. Figure 29 Patent trends

List of acronyms and abbreviation
1. ΅m: Micrometer
2. APD: Avalanche Photo Detector
3. ATP: Advanced Technology Program
4. CAGR: Compound Annual Growth Rate
5. CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
6. CZ: Czochralski’s
7. dB: deciBell
8. EGS: Electrical Grade Silicon
9. FZ: Float zone
10. Gbps: Giga bits per second
11. GBps: Giga Bytes per second
12. HSL: Silicon Hybrid Laser Chip
13. IBM: International Business Machines
14. IC: Integrated Circuit
15. LED: Light Emitting Diode
16. MEMS: Micro Electro Magneto Systems
17. MGS: Metallurgical Grade Silicon
18. nm: nano meter
19. ps: pico second
20. QCSE: Quantum Confined Stark Effect
21. RF: Radio Frequency

Global Silicon Photonics Market: Revolutionizing Optoelectronics World

Increasing need of more sophisticated means of communication is driving the demand for products and devices with high-speed and large bandwidth in data transfer along with low cost and high efficiency. However, the adoption of optical fibers and other optoelectronic components in the high end devices and applications involved high cost. This fueled the search for a cheaper base material and ended with silicon that began to be used for photonic applications. The advances in silicon electronics and photonics gave rise to the concept of silicon photonics. When compared with conventional electronics, silicon photonics provide 90% of its efficiency with one-third of power consumption, at one-tenth of the cost and no requirement of additional manufacturing technology. This makes it attractive for customers and lucrative for manufacturers.

In 2008, the market size of global silicon photonics market was at $23.21 million that is expected to grow exponentially at a CAGR of 105.3% from 2009 to 2014 due to new products and applications that are to be commercialized in the next five years. The demand for silicon photonics technology is already created in the market and consumers are awaiting commercialization of products. The silicon photonics market is segmented into silicon waveguides, silicon modulators, silicon optical interconnects wavelength division multiplexer filters, silicon LED and silicon photo detector.

With high fragmentation and intense competition in the microelectronics industry manufacturers of chips and integrated circuits are working to improve the quality and reduce the prices of their products. Therefore, the expensive ingredients and large R&D investments required for silicon photonics act as a major restraint for the growth of this market. However, the evolution of the silicon photonics market into a mainstream market is expected to overcome all these restraints.

Early commercialization of products and high absorption rate of electronic products have made U.S. the dominant market in 2009 with a 56% share of the global silicon photonics product market. Increased research and developments in the U.S. companies have also helped in the domination of the silicon photonics market. Europe is estimated to be the second largest with 26% share of the market.

Global Silicon Photonics Market by Products, 2009

Source: MarketsandMarkets

In 2009, wavelength division multiplex filters are expected to dominate the market with 31% share followed by photo detector with 20% share. The high market share of wavelength division multiplex filters is mainly due to its early commercialization.

The U.S has highest number of patents with 66% contribution. Out of 89 registered patents, 59 patents have been registered in U.S. This is mainly due to the extensive R&D and existence of major silicon photonics players such as Luxtera, Kotura etc. in the U.S. market.

The key players in the silicon photonics market include Intel, IBM Corp., Luxtera, Lightwire, Kotura, Sun Microsystems, etc.

Our analysis indicates that companies taking the first mover advantage by quick commercialization with extensive R & D will have an edge over their competitors. Agreements and collaborations as well as new product launches are some of the most popular strategies adopted by market players to stay ahead of the competition and to expand into new geographies.

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